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RRC Online Resource Library

Redevelopment Ready Communities (RRC)

RRC Online Resource Library

The Redevelopment Ready Communities program is committed to providing ongoing support and technical assistance to all communities as they seek to build strong planning and development processes that are efficient, predictable and transparent. RRC has compiled a number of guides to provide step-by-step guidance for addressing many of the best practice deliverables ranging from plan reviews to packaging your priority redevelopment sites. The team has also created a handful of templates which can be customized to fit your community.

Questions on any particular document should be directed to your community's RRC Planner. If you don't find what you're looking for here, we encourage you to contact your planner to talk further about your needs.

Best Practice 1

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Best Practice 1 (Plans & Engagement) evaluates community planning and how a community’s redevelopment vision is embedded in the master plan, capital improvements plan, and downtown plan or corridor plan(s). It also assesses how a community identifies its stakeholders and engages them, not only during planning processes, but on a continual basis.

1.1 | Master Plans

CRITERIA
The governing body has adopted a master plan in the past five years.

WHY
Master plans establish a community vision through public engagement and identify how to implement that vision. The plan is an essential document that guides future development throughout the community, adding predictability and community buy-in to the development process.

RESOURCES
Just as no two communities are the same, no two master plans are the same. But ultimately all master plans must address all the required information from the Michigan Planning Enabling Act. RRC communities also include additional information such as redevelopment focus areas and an action-focused implementation section.

Nearly all RRC communities have a master plan in place when they engage in the process. So a good first step is to review the existing plan using the RRC Guide on Master Plan Updates to identify the scope of any needed updates.

Below is a selection of master plans from communities of all shapes and sizes to help the creative juices get flowing. 

  • Master Plan: Bay City
  • Master Plan: Cass City
  • Master Plan: Ferndale
  • Master Plan: Oak Park
  • Master Plan: Quincy
  • Master Plan: Romulus
  • Master Plan: Vicksburg

Unique to the RRC Certified level is an expectation that the community assess progress on implementing the master plan goals and actions. This should be done at least annually. There are numerous ways to address this expectation such as:

  1. Planning Commision Annual Report: Including a section in this report is an easy way to tackle multiple RRC items at once. Check out Escanaba's annual report for a great example.
  2. A memo/briefing: This might make make sense if your community's PC annual report and budget cycle don't align. It also highlights the master plan each year as it's own tool.
  3. A joint meeting/workshop: Master plan progress is a great foundation for holding a joint meeting with all boards. Check out Cass City's 2020 progress presentation for a great example.
1.2 | Downtown & Corridor Plans

CRITERIA
The governing body has adopted a downtown or corridor plan.

Note: For essential level, this best practice only applies in instances where the community has an active DDA or CIA TIF.

WHY
Downtowns and major corridors are economic engines for communities. Having a plan for these particular areas add predictability for future development and can support local efforts to support businesses and create a community gathering space.

RESOURCES
RRC Best Practice expectations for this criterion are heavily based on existing tax increment financing (TIF) development plans requirements in PA 57 of 2018. However, a barebones TIF and Development plan typically won't quite get a community to full alignment. Combining a TIF with another downtown plan which addressed mixed-use or a downtown chapter in the master plan is how most communities meet the intent of this criterion. However, some TIF (and non-TIF) plans are able to meet this in a single document. Check out some examples below.

  • Downtown Plan: Escanaba
  • Downtown Plan: Harrison
  • Downtown Plan: Hudsonville
  • Downtown Plan - 2008 tax increment financing (TIF) plan & 2014 Downtown Action Plan: Linden
  • Downtown Plan: Sparta
  • Downtown Plan: Tecumseh
  • Downtown Plan: Watervliet

For communities without a traditional downtown, a corridor plan can also meet this. Corridor Improvement Authority (CIA) TIF and Development Plans can also be used to meet this criterion.

  • Corridor Plan: Oak Park
  • Corridor Plan: Traverse City
1.3 | Capital Improvements Plans (CIPs)

CRITERIA
The zoning ordinance includes clear steps for major development review processes.

WHY
Turning plans into action often requires capital investments. These plans, established under Michigan law, help outline and coordinate those investments including infrastructure, parks, technology and more.

RESOURCES
Capital Improvement Plans can be a significant undertaking to initally build but once a framework is in place, they are often much easier to update each year as part of the budget process. RRC has created a Guide for Capital Improvement Plans. If your community is new to building a CIP, the Michigan Association of Planning offers a CIP training that may be helpful.

Examples of existing CIPs include:

  • CIP: Ironwood
  • CIP: Negaunee
  • CIP: Portage

To fully meet the intent, it is essential that the CIP be readily accessible on the community's website and not buried deep in a budget document.

1.4 | Public Participation Plans

CRITERIA
The community has a public participation plan for engaging a diverse set of community stakeholders.

WHY
Public participation plans help communities establish clear expectations for public engagement, ensuring all groups are represented in decision making processes.

RESOURCES
Each community's public participation plan will look different based on available tools, resident expectations, upcoming projects, etc. RRC encourages communities to check out examples from other communities but to truly customize their local public participation plan. Check out the RRC Guide on Creating Public Participation Plan for how to go about building your local plan.

  • Public Participation Strategy Guide
  • Public Participation Plan: Negaunee
  • Public Participation Plan: Grand Blanc
  • Public Participation Plan: Meridian Township
  • Public Participation Plan: Sparta
  • Public Participation Guidebook: Hart

For the RRC Certified designation, best practices also include an expectation that the community provides an annual report on community engagement activity. This can be done as part of other annual reports (such as the Planning Commission annual report), an annual joint meeting, or as a standalone item. This is a new expectation for 2021 so as communities work to implement this, RRC will upload examples. When compiling this anunal summary, consider the following questions:

  • What special community engagement activities happening in the past year (if any)? Examples may include plan updates or special projects which resulted in additional engagement beyond normal.
  • Did the community implement any new engagement tools such as a newsletter, expanded social media, or other new methods of communication?
  • Did the community follow its public participation plan?
  • Provide any available statistics you gathered (meeting attendance, public comments, social media statistics, etc.)
  • Provide a summary of any feedback you collected on engagement activities in accordance with your public participation plan.

In addition to examples from other communities, RRC is in the process of compiling more general resources on public engagement:

  • Community Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond
  • Community Heart & Soul Framework

Best Practice 2

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Best Practice 2 (Zoning) evaluates a community’s zoning ordinance and how it meets community goals, enables the form and type of development the community is seeking and includes modern approaches to zoning. Zoning is a key tool for plan implementation and obsolete zoning regulations can discourage development and investment. Outdated regulations can force developers to pursue rezoning or variance requests thus extending project timelines, increasing costs, and creating uncertainty. Communities should look to streamline requirements and regulate for the kind of development that is truly desired. Zoning should be used to shape inviting, walkable, vibrant communities, rather than inhibit them.

2.1 | Alignment with Master Plan

CRITERIA
The governing body has adopted a zoning ordinance that aligns with the goals of the current master plan.

WHY
Under Michigan law, zoning oridnances must be based on an adopted master plan. Ensuring such coordination reduces uncertainty and risk for development.

RESOURCES
Best Practice 2.1 - Master Plan & Zoning Code Consistency

2.2 | Accessibility & User-friendliness

CRITERIA
The zoning ordinance is accessible and user-friendly.

WHY
Adding user friendly components to the zoning ordinance can make it easier to understand, thus removing an initial barrier that disproportionally impacts local, small-scale, and first-time applicants.

RESOURCES
Best Practice 2.2 - Accessibility & User-friendliness

2.3 | Concentrated Development

CRITERIA
The zoning ordinance provides for areas of concentrated development in appropriate locations and encourages the type and form of development desired.

WHY
Allowing for areas of context-sensitive concentrated development provides myriad benefits including enabling pedestrian mobility, providing a sense of place, generating fiscal stability for communities, and leveraging existing infrastructure.

RESOURCES
Best Practice 2.3 - Concentrated Development in Key Areas

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
What is New Urbanism?
Sprawl Costs the Public More Than Twice as Much as Compact Development
Enabling Better Places: A Handbook for Improved Neighborhoods (AARP)

2.4 | Housing Diversity

CRITERIA
The zoning ordinance allows for a variety of housing options.

WHY
Having an ordinance which clearly allows for diverse housing types creates unique neighborhoods, provides lifestyle options for residents of all ages and income levels, helps attract talent, and provides flexibility for meeting market demand.

HUD and DOJ Joint Statement on Fair Housing

RESOURCES
Best Practice 2.4 - Housing Diversity

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Accessory Dwelling Units (ADU)
Townhouses/rowhouses
Mixed-Use Development
Micro Units


2.5 | Parking Flexibility

CRITERIA
The zoning ordinance includes flexible parking requirements.

WHY
The cost and space consumed by parking can make or break a project financially. Providing flexible options for parking allows for creative and context-sensitive solutions in communities of all sizes and reduces the negative impacts excessive parking can have on a communty's sense of place.

RESOURCES
Best Practice 2.5 - Parking Flexibility

ADDITIONAL INFORMAITON
Parking Planning Paradigm Shift
Parking Is Sexy Now. Thank Donald Shoup
Parking Reform Will Save the City


2.6 | Green Infrastructure (Certified Only)

CRITERIA
The zoning ordinance includes standards for green infrastructure.

WHY
Integrating green infrastructure can reduce infrastructure and maintenance costs, provide opportunities for recreation and physical activity, reduce exposure to harmful substances, advance placemaking goals, improves safety, promotes community identity and a sense of well-being, and provide economic benefits

RESOURCES
Best Practice 2.6 - Environmental Preservation & Green Infrastructure

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Delta Institue Green Infrastructure Tools
Green Infrastructure Plan for Southwest Michigan
Green Infrastructure Plan for Southeast Michigan

Best Practice 3

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Best Practice 3 (Development Review) evaluates the community’s development review policies and procedures to ensure they integrate predictability throughout. Unnecessary steps or unclear instructions increase time and expenses associated with development. Community leaders should look to simplify and clarify policies and increase efficiency to create an inviting development climate that is vital to attracting investment. To do this, sound internal procedures need to be in place and followed. Making information on the development review process and resources readily available assists developers of all sizes and experience levels in understanding what they’ll need to know as they invest in the community.

Best Practice 3 General Resources

Each section under this best practice dives into a specific criterion, but users may be interested in the following general resources on this best practice:

  • Michigan Zoning Enabling Act
  • Quick Sheet: Streamlining Development
  • Quick Sheet: Working with Planning Consultants
  • Quick Sheet: Ordinance Enformcement Team
  • Quick Sheet: Administrative Approvals
  • Quick Sheet: Developing Findings of Fact
  • Quick Sheet: Issuing Variances
  • Quick Sheet: Land Use Conditions
3.1 | Defined Processes

CRITERIA
The zoning ordinance includes clear steps for major development review processes.

WHY
Clearly defined development review processes provide predictability for investments big and small.

RESOURCES
In most cases, communities are able to align with this best practice by including major steps of the processes and clearly identifying approval authority in each individual process section of the ordinance. See examples:

  • Site Plan Review: Ferndale
  • Special Land Use: Traverse City
  • Rezoning/Text Amendments: Howell
  • Zoning Board of Appeals

In some ordinances, communities include an administrative section which specifically outlines responsibilities by role:

  • Roles & Responsibilites (Chapter 21): Lapeer
3.2 | Point of Contact

CRITERIA
The community has clearly identified a point of contact for development review activities.

WHY
Having a clearly identified point of contact helps communities offer positive and personalized service which builds a foundation for a predictable  development review experience.

RESOURCES
The key to aligning with this best practice criterion is to ensure the community's planning and zoning contact (typically the Zoning Administrator or Code Enforcement Officer) is clearly designated on the website in whatever spot a potential applicant is most likely to look at when researching what is needed for a permit. See some examples from other RRC communities:

  • Point of Contact: Hart
  • Point of Contact: Houghton
  • Point of Contact: Bay City
3.3 | Conceptual Review Meetings

CRITERIA
The community defines and offers conceptual review meetings for applicants.

WHY
Conceptual review meetings offer a chance for early, informal review of proposed projects. This helps avoid costly mistakes or delays later in the process.

RESOURCES
Conceptual review meetings are sometimes also called pre-application meetings. They can also sometimes be wrapped up into the idea of a prelimary site plan review though RRC advises communities that the intent of this best practice is to hold conceptual review meetings with staff, not a public board. Holding them with staff allows for more casual conversation and also a chance to focus more on process and support, versus an actual site plan.

Advertising conceptual review meetings can be done in many ways:

  • Directly on the website: Durand
  • Inside the Guide to Development (see page 7): Mt. Pleasant
  • On a flier (which is available online): Grand Blanc

Communities pursuing RRC certification also set clear expectations for such meetings (what to bring, what will be covered, etc.) and have a checklist to use. See examples:

  • Expectations & Checklist: Rogers City
  • Expectations & Checklist: St. Joseph 
  • Expectations & Checklist: Shelby

Some additional tips:

  • For communities with limited time and capacity, consider only scheduling meetings during certain windows (i.e. Tuesday mornings or Thursdays).
  • Consider holding conceptual review meetings virtually as a way to save both staff and the applicant time and travel costs.
3.4 | Internal Review Procedures

CRITERIA
The community has a clearly documented internal staff review policy.

WHY
Clearly documenting the internal review process provides predictability and consistency in the development review process. It also ensures that processes can continue in the event of staff turnover.

RESOURCES
Internal review process documents can take many forms, depending on the complexity of a community's development review processes and systems. The key is that they are written in a way that someone new could come in and guide an application through the process on day 1. 

Examples:

  • Internal Review: Swartz Creek
  • Internal Review: Millington
  • Internal Review: Marquette
  • Internal Review: Grand Blanc

In addition to having a documented process, certified communities also have an identified joint review team. The makeup of this team will vary from community to community, but should include all necessary officials to sufficiently review a project against the community's approval standards outlined in the zoning ordinance. This team should be identified in the internal review process document.

3.5 | Approval Authority

CRITERIA
The community streamlines the approval process by using administrative and Planning Commission approval authority.

WHY
Approving at least permitted uses at the Planning Commission or staff level allows faster approval and respects the administrative nature of development review.

RESOURCES
Approval authority is granted within the zoning ordinance, typically the site plan review process section. If your community needs to amend your ordinance to align with this best practice, please work with your local attorney or planning/zoning consultant.

Examples of communities who have expanded administrative approvals include:

  • Zoning Ordinance: Midland (all single and two-family homes as well as additions to any building under 7,500 square feet)
  • Zoning Ordinance: Kalamazoo (nearly all permitted uses)
  • Zoning Ordinance: Menomine (all permitted uses)

RRC understands that making changes to a community's approval chain can be a complex discusison. Check out this memo written by the City of Midland's Community Development Director as a great example of how to communicate with officials and the public on this issue.

In addition to granting approval at the staff or planning commission level, certified communities do not require public hearings for permitted uses. While input on site plans can always be provided via public comment or other engagement opportunities, removing the formal public hearing reduces costs and time. It also sets accurate expecations about the administrative nature of site plan review which is intended by law to be an objective decision driven by data.

3.6 | Fee Schedule

CRITERIA
"The community maintains a fee schedule."

WHY
Having a fee schedule allows an applicant to clearly understand their their likely costs upfront, reducing surprises further in the process.

RESOURCES
No two communities have the same needs when it comes to a fee schedule, but RRC has gathered several examples below to show the variety of ways these fees are set and advertised:

Fee Schedule: Meridan Township (Certified)
Fee Schedule: Port Huron
Fee Schedule: Novi (Certified)
Fee Schedule: East Lansing

It is essential that the fee schedule be readily available on the website, not buried deep in a budget document or as a resolution from a council packet.

For certified communities, the fee schedule should not only be available online but also reviewed anunally (updated may not always be needed though). Many communities do this during the anunal budget process, but others may do it prior to that in preparation for the process or an entirely different time completely. To demonstrate this has been done, the fee schedule should include an "effective date" or some other indication of a review within the past year.

 

3.7 | Payment Methods

CRITERIA
"The community ofters clear methods of payment."

WHY
Clearly identifying methods of payment reduces uncertainty. Communities that accept credit cards offer a highly sought after, modern option that adds flexibility.

RESOURCES
Identifying methods of payment can achieved via the website. Some examples from current RRC communities include:

  • Building Department Page: St. Clair
  • Planning & Zoning Page: Ishpeming
  • More to come as this new best practice criteria becomes integrated locally

Additionally, certified communities proactively offer an expanded set of options which include credit cards. While many communities accept credit cards for ulitity payments or taxes, development fees tend to lag behind. RRC has compiled a list of potential resources and providers, many of which have government-focused services. RRC can also connect your community with other simliar communities who have implemented credit cards; reach out to your RRC planner to learn more.

  • BS&A 
  • G2G Cloud (government-focused, Michigan-based)
  • bluepay
  • Square
  • PayPal
3.8 | Access to Information

CRITERIA
The community makes development review information and forms readily available online.

WHY
Having key information and forms available online (or as a full guide) reduces the number of questions the point of contact will need to address and increases the likelihood of a successful development review experience from the beginning.

RESOURCES
This best practice criteria takes one of two paths: a series of links online (Essentials) or a fully built out Guide to Development with helpful narrative, charts and more (Certified). 

Examples of websites with links include:

  • Doing Business: Grand Blanc
  • Planning & Economic Development: Grayling
  • Community Development: Swartz Creek
  • Planning: Traverse City

Examples from certified communities who have built a comprehensive guide include:

  • Guide to Development: Albion
  • Guide to Development: Bessemer
  • Guide to Development: Charlevoix
  • Guide to Development: Laingsburg
  • Guide to Development: Mount Pleasant

Some communities have historically used a website as a guide to development. While this is possible, it is especially important that if the community chooses that route, it includes the helpful narrative so that a new user can understand what they need (so that they can then find it). One good example is Manistee.

Finally, RRC has compiled a guide to the Guide to Development to help communities build a their own.

3.9 | Project Tracking (Certified Only)

CRITERIA
The community has a method to track development projects.

WHY
Having a consistent tracking system keeps staff and applicants informed of a project's development review status. It also ensures continuity in the event of staff turnover or absences.

RESOURCES
Project tracking can be done in many ways, ranging from a simple tracking sheet attached to the application to excel spreadsheets and up to dedicated software such as BS&A. What matters with this best practice criteria is that the community has some type of system in place so that an applicant can know where their application is at in the process at any time with a simple phone call or email. 

RRC applies this best practice for any stage of the internal development review process where a community is in direct control. For many, this may only be through the zoning permit since building is handled by another entity. While for others who have a building department, tracking should go through the certificate of occupancy. If an application has additional possible avenues such as a Certificate of Appropriateness (COA) from a Historic District Commission, that should be tracked as well.

Examples include:

  • Excel spreadsheet
  • BS&A
  • Trello (online browser-based software)
  • Paper Sheet: Hudsonville

Some communitites have extended tracking into a more public realm, such as Ferndale which maintains a development project map. Grand Rapids does as well. This is not needed for certification, but is a good tool to consider for communities facing significant development pressure.

3.10 | Continued Improvement (Certified Only)

CRITERIA
The community solicits feedback and regularly reviews the development review experience.

WHY
Collecting feedback and taking time to assess the strengths and challenges of the development review process helps a community keep its processes up to date through continuous improvement.

RESOURCES
Communities commonly align with the first part of this best practice criteria in one of four ways: a survey (ongoing or annually), follow up letter, consistent ollow up phone calls/emails, or in-person feedback sessions. What is best depends entirely on capacity, amount of applications your community processes, and other local factors. Experience in other RRC communities suggests that an annual feedback tool (versus ongoing) tends to result in a greater response rate.

Check out examples of each below:

  • Survey: East Lansing
  • Survey: Millington
  • Feedback Letter: Howell
  • Annual Feedback Survey: Lapeer

The second part of this best practice criterion is that the community takes time to assess its development review process and materials at least annually. This could occur at an internal joint review meeting, as part of the Planning Commission annual report, as a memo, dedicated meeting or nearly any other method that fits local practices. As part of this, the community should ask itself questions such as:

  • What feedback did we get this year from applicants?
  • Are there any resources we feel could help create a smoother process?
  • Are there any opportunities for expanding administrative or Planning Commission approval?
  • Do we need to consider any zoning updates to reduce the number of variances?
  • Are there any major investments in the processes needed in the coming year?
  • Do any of our forms or documents need updates?

Best Practice 4

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Best Practice 4 (Boards & Commissions) assesses the tools a community has put in place to strengthen their boards and commissions. Diversity on boards and commissions can ensure a wide range of perspectives are considered when making decisions on development and financial incentives. Being intentional when a community conducts recruitment and orientation for newly appointed or elected officials and board members creates a solid foundation for the community to build upon.  Additionally, communities that prioritize training and collaboration provides officials and staff with an opportunity to expand their knowledge and ultimately make more informed decisions about land use and redevelopment issues. 

Best Practice 4 General Resources

Each section under this best practice dives into a specific criterion, but users may be interested in the following general resources on this best practice:

  • Michigan Association of Planing (MAP)
  • MSU Extension Land Use Education & Services
  • MSU Extension Citizen Planner
  • Michigan Municipal League (MML)
  • American Planning Association (APA)
  • MiPlace Training & Events (MEDC)
  • Quick Sheet: How to prepare for a meeting
  • Quick Sheet: How to make a motion
  • Quick Sheet: New Official Qualifications
  • Quick Sheet: New Official Orientation 
  • Quick Sheet: Annual Joint Meetings
4.1 | Recruitment & Appointment Process

CRITERIA
The community has a clear recruitment and appointment process.

WHY
Having clear and accessible recruitment and appointment procedures reduces barriers to attracting candidates for boards and commissions.

RESOURCES
This criteria includes two expectations: the community has a boards and commissions application available online and that the community clearly documents its recruitment and appointment process.

Applications can take many forms, ranging from a single page to more of an application packet. Some communities have a separate application for each board, but most have a universal application. With a new focus in online services, some have moved to a fully online submission but RRC best practice intent is met as long as the application is online in any form. Examples include:

  • Application: Charlevoix (Certified)
  • Application: Mayville 
  • Application: Mount Pleasant (Certified) 
  • Application: Paw Paw 
  • Recruitment Guide: Van Buren Township

In addition to having an application online, Certified communities also provide clear information on the recruitment process so applicants understand who will be reviewing their application, the timeline for appointment and any orientation expectations. Like applications, some are highly standardized recruitment timelines and processes while others are on an as-needed basis but are still clear and consistent.

This information should be more detailed than what's in the ordinance and available outside of it. It is commonly found either directly on an application or on the community's website on the same page where the application is. Examples:

  • Appointment Process: Midland
  • Appointment Process: Albion (certified)
  • Appointment Process: Charlevoix (certified)
  • Appointment Process: Mount Pleasant (certified)
  • Appointment Process: Orion Township
4.2 | Expectations & Skill Sets

CRITERIA
The community sets expectations for board and commission positions.

WHY
Providing clear expectations on what being a board member entails (and helpful background to have) helps candidates understand which board may best fit their background and capacity.

RESOURCES
Think of expectations much like the responsibilities and working conditions sections of a job posting. These are the things that are expected of a member no matter their background. Things like:

  • Meeting schedule
  • Time spent outside of meetings preparing
  • Major responsibilties
  • Events that the member should plan on attending
  • New or ongoing training requirements
  • And more depending on local conditions

On the other hand, qualifications or helpful background focus on just that: what type of background or interest an applicant brings to the table. For example, it is helpful (but not required) for DDA members to have a background in business, event planning, etc. Planning Commissioners can benefit from backgrounds in design, finace planning, etc. Often you won't find the perfect match in this regard but even then, defining these has two additional benefits:

  • Someone who doesn't have the background can understand that they'll learn about these things so they should at least be interested in learning more.
  • If there are multiple applications for a single seat (it happens - we swear!), these can help the appointing authroity select the best candidate.

Essentials communities only need to address expectations while Certified communities must address both. Communities can provide information on these in a number of ways including on the website, directly on the application (most popular), as a separate attachment like a position description, or something else entirely. Examples include:

  • On the application: Owosso
  • As a position description: Charlevoix (certified)
  • As a position description: Swartz Creek (certified)
  • As a position description: Van Buren Township
  • As supplemental materials with application: Orion Township
4.3 | Orientation

CRITERIA
The community provides orientation material to all appointed and elected members of development related boards and commissions.

WHY
Ensuring recently elected or appointed officials have the information they need to perform their new duties makes the development review process more predictable.

RESOURCES
Orientation can take many forms, ranging from in-person orientation to formal packets or a collection of links to resources. To align with the RRC Best Practices, the packets should include both information on board procedures/background and also resources to help new members learn about the field(s) the board works in (planning/zoning/development/downtowns/etc.)

Check out the examples below for inspiration for your community:

  • In-person orientation outline: Bessemer
  • Orientation Binder: Vernon
  • Orientation one-pagers: Template [for PC] *Word File*
  • Orientation one-pagers: Millington (DDA, PC, Council)
  • Board Handbook: Durand
  • Orientation Guidebooks: St Johns (Council | PC | ZBA)
4.4 | Bylaws

CRITERIA
The community has bylaws for boards and commissions.

WHY
Bylaws are required under law for certain boards and commissions. They also provide predictability for board procedures.

RESOURCES
RRC has compiled a collection of existing bylaws (sometimes refered to as or combined with Rules of Procedure) throughout the state which are intended as examples only, not templates. Communities should be sure to work with their local attorney when drafting legally binding documents such as these.

Bylaws are different than authorizing charter information and provide significantly more detail on the operations of a board or commission such as setting meetings, agendas, attendance policies, public comment procedures, training requirements, etc. In order to fully align with the intent of this criterion, local bylaws should address these topics and others as deemed locally necessary.

For the purposes of RRC Essentials or Certification, a community should have bylaws available online for all development-related boards. This commonly includes the Council/Commission, Planning Commission, DDA, and ZBA at a minimum. It may also include other boards such as Historic District Commmissions, local Brownfield Authorities, etc. 

General Resources

  • MSU Extension Sample Bylaws (PC)
  • Michigan Main Street Board Performance Guidebook

Planning Commission

  • Evart
  • Merdian Township
  • East Lansing
  • Owosso (note: downloads direct .docx file)

DDA

  • Westland
  • Owosso
  • Flint Township

Other

  • Historic District Commission: East Lansing
  • Historic District Commission: Owosso (note: downloads .docx file)
  • Tax Increment Finance District Authority: Westland
  • Local Development Finance Authority: Westland
  • Zoning Board of Appeals: Owosso (note: downloads .docx file)
4.5 | Planning Commission Annual Report

CRITERIA
The community issues a Planning Commission annual report.

WHY
All Planning Commissions in Michigan must issue an annual report as outlined in the MPEA. This is also a great opportunity to assess past activity and communicate with other boards.

RESOURCES
The Planning Commission Annual Report can range in complexity depending on how a community chooses to approach it. Some issue a one-page memo while others take it as an opportunity to compile a more comprehensive Community Development or Building Annual Report. 

Communities in the RRC process can also use the report as chance to address several of the annual items such as the master plan progress review, economic development strategy review, reviewing training activity, and more. Be sure to talk to your RRC planner about all the possible items which could be included.

Examples and Templates:

  • Template: Planning Commission Annual Report
  • Template: Planning Commission Annual Report Presentation
  • Planning Commission Annual Report: Escanba
  • Planning Commission Annual Report: Mayville
  • Planning Commission Annual Report: Jackson (Certified)
  • Planning Commission Annual Report: Lake Orion
  • Planning Commission Annual Report: St. Clair
  • Planning Commission Annual Report: Rochester Hills (Certified)

Nonprofits and corporations provide some great ideas for using a required report to tell a story. Check out some of these resources:

  • Your Annual Report: Telling A Great Story
  • Annual Reports: Tell Your Story – Your Way
  • Video: San Francisco Annual Report
4.6 | Training Strategies

CRITERIA
Community has a documented training strategy.

WHY
Developing a training strategy identifies opportunities and encourages ongoing training aligned with the community's goals and needs.

RESOURCES
Training is an essential activity to keep staff and officials current on emerging trends, mitigate risk to communities, and help communities achieve the goals outlined in their plans. However, training can be costly, time consuming or geographically out of reach for many. One way to address this is by creating a training strategy outlining priority topics. To meet the RRC Best Practices, a training strategy must address the following:

1. Identify training goals & expectations
2. Identify established & potential funding sources
3. Outline how to consistently encourage training
4. Outline how to encourage training report outs 
5. Outline how the community will review and update the strategy

Like most other criteria in best practice four, this training strategy should cover all the community's development-related boards and commissions. 

For an overview of available resources and how to develop a training plan, check out this RRC Guide. RRC also has some capacity to help communities directly with creating a training strategy. Contact an RRC planner for more details.

Examples of comprehensive training plans from other RRC communities include:

  • Training Plan: North Branch
  • Training Plan: Millington
  • Training Plan: Vernon 

Seeing as this is a recently revamped best practice, many RRC communities will be working on it in the near future. Many will start from a strong foundation  with existing pieces of a comprehensive training strategy already in place. These include:

  • Recruitment & Training Outline: Rogers City
  • Training Outline: Comstock Charter Township (from former guide)
  • Training Plan: Lapeer (clear identification of priority topics)

Finally, RRC encourages communities think outside-the-box when it comes to training. If cost, time, and geography are constraints, then shifting to more at-meeting training, sharing of articles, podcasts, etc. could help bridge that gap. Training is about more than going to a conference or listening to an expert. It can be done right in your community using your existing time and resources!

Expanding Training Image

4.7 | Joint Meetings (Certified Only)

CRITERIA
The community holds joint meetings with boards and commissions.

WHY
Joint meetings offer opportunity for direct collaboration between officials to ensure the community's board are rowing in the same direction.

RESOURCES
This best practice can be met a myriad of ways depending on local needs and capcity. Common approaches include:

  • Established Annual Meeting: This approach has a community establish a tradition of meeting annually around the same time every year. It's usually used to discuss shared priorities among boards and provide updates (such as annual reports or reviewing the master plan and economic development strategy). 
  • Joint training: Hosting a training on a topic of interest to multiple boards (hint: check your training strategy for ideas) can be a productive way to gather and learn at the same time.
  • Joint workshop or special meeting: If your community has a special project or initiative happening, a joint meeting on that could also meet this best practice. This can be commonly seen during master plan updates, large development project or major planning and zoning issues such as establishing marijuana licenses or tackling housing needs.
  • Joint Budget Workshop: The budget provides a unique opportunity to bring boards together to discuss priorities and spending needs to achieve various plans.

For documentation purposes, the community should provide an agenda, minutes or some other document showing such an event occured and who was invited/attended.

Some examples of materials for joint meetings include:

  • Annual Meeting Packet: Bessemer
  • Annual Meeting Presentation: Plainwell
  • Annual Meeting Presentation: Lapeer

Best Practice 5

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Best practice 5 (Economic Development & Marketing) assess the community’s plans to strengthen its overall economic health and market itself to create community pride and increase investor confidence. Today, economic development means more than business attraction and retention. While business development is a core value, a community needs to include community development and talent in the overall equation for economic success. The goal of the economic development strategy is to provide initiatives and methods that will encourage diversity of the region’s economic base, tap into opportunities for economic expansion and help to create a sustainable, vibrant community. Additionally, this best practice helps communities understand and deploy local economic development tools and incentives.

The ability to tell a community’s story is an essential part of any economic development effort. In order to do this, communities must understand their existing assets, know their audience, and have consistent messaging. To coordinate these efforts internally and externally, RRC communities create formal marketing plans which help implement the community vision, values and goals.

5.1 | Economic Development Strategy (Certified Only)

CRITERIA
The community has approved an economic development strategy.

Note: Best Practice only applies to certified level.

WHY
More than ever, communities and their partners must understand how to leverage their strengths and address their challenges in a competitive market for talent and investment. A local economic development strategy guides those efforts.

RESOURCES
Check out the RRC Guide for Creating an Economic Development Strategy.

Economic development strategies are commonly done in two ways: a standalone document or as part of the community's master plan via a dedicated chapter and goals for economic development efforts. Below are some examples of standalone strategies. The biggest benefit to this approach is that it can be more nimble than a master plan since it is not subject to the strict update process that master plans are. However, doing one alone also means another plan the community will need to maintain so if capacity is a concern, the 2nd option may make more sense for your community.

  • Economic Development Strategy & Economic Development Timeline: Battle Creek
  • Economic Development Strategy: Grayling
  • Economic Development Strategy: Neguaunee
  • Economic Development Strategy: Oak Park
  • Economic Development Strategy: Paw Paw
  • Economic Development Strategy: Vernon, Durand & Vernon Township

Examples of communities who include economic development right in their master plan benefit from having a single plan and also integrating economic development right into all their other community goals. A downside to this approach is that economic development needs tend to change much faster than a master plan can. However, for communities with limited capacity, this is a good way to begin founding a stronger economic development focus.

  • St. Ignace Master Plan (2019)
  • Iron Mountain Master Plan (2021)
  • Houghton Master Plan (2019)

Finally, like other RRC-aligned plans, any strategy should include a process for assessing progress at least annually. This can be done via a report, joint meeting, monthly updates, or some other method. 

5.2 | Incentives Policies (Certified Only)

CRITERIA
The community has adopted policies to guide economic development incentives

Note: Best Practice only applies to certified level.

WHY
Having clear economic development incentive policies creates predictability and assists communities in making the most efficient use of limited local resources when supporting proposed development projects.

RESOURCES
No two communities offer exactly the same incentive options or view them in exactly the same way. But almost all communities have some tools in their toolbox to support projects that fit their local vision. Commonly used local incentives include:

  • Tax Abatements (Industrial, OPRA, Commercial Rehab, etc.)
  • Facade Improvement Programs
  • Local Small Business Support Loans
  • Local or County Brownfield 
  • Land disposition policies which allow for a reduced sale price
  • Waived local fees (development review, utility connections, etc.)
  • PILOTs (Payment In Lieu Of Taxes)

RRC communities aren't expected to have all of these tools, but the ones they choose to use should have clearly defined policies and information available online. Having parameters which tie funding to community goals, priority redevelopement areas, and more can help a community best utilize limited resources. A community can often combine several tools into a single policy, especially with tax abatements. Check out some examples from RRC communities below:

  • Tax Abatements & Incentives Policy: Swartz Creek
  • Tax Abatements Policy: Owosso
  • Tax Abatements Policy: Orion Township (policy | website)
  • Tax Abatements Policy: Detroit (DEGC)
  • Brownfield Policy & Process: Flint Township
  • General Incentives Policy: Ferndale (policy | application | website)
  • General Incentives Policies: Kalamazoo (PILOTs & grants | Brownfields & Business Development)
  • General Incentives Information: Dearborn (Guide to Development)
5.3 | Marketing Plan (Certified Only)

CRITERIA
The community has a documented marketing plan.

Note: Best Practice only applies to certified level.

WHY
Every community has a unique story to tell. A marketing plan coordinates how that story is told to help attract new residents, visitors, businesses, and development.

RESOURCES
Check out the RRC Guide for Creating a Marketing Plan.

Thanks to the uniqueness of Michigan communites, no two communities have a simliar marketing strategy. Some communities may be carrying most of the workload and the plan will need to reflect that while other plans may be mostly cooridinating with local partners like Chambers, CVBs, Region EDOs, etc. Check out some examples below for inspiration; however, RRC strongly encourages communities to build their own plan using the guide to ensure it accounts for local factors.

  • Marketing Strategy: Bessemer
  • Marketing Strategy: Grand Haven
  • Marketing & Promotion Strategy: Kalamazoo
  • Marketing Strategy: Merdian Township

Best Practice 6

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Best Practice 6 (Redevelopment Ready Sites) assesses how a community identifies, envisions, and markets their priority redevelopment sites. Instead of waiting for developers to propose projects, Redevelopment Ready Communities identify priority sites and prepare information to assist developers in finding opportunities that match the community’s vision. Communities must think strategically about the redevelopment of properties and targeting investments in areas that can catalyze further development. For instance, identifying and marketing priority sites in obsolete, vacant and underutilized properties can assist a community in stimulating the real estate market. Additionally, engaging the public and understanding desired outcomes for priority sites create a predictable environment for development projects and reduce the risk of rejected development proposals.

Post certification, the Redevelopment Services Team will be available to assist communities in identifying, packaging, and marking sites that can help the community implement their vision.

This section of the library includes general resources and examples for site packaging but RRC encourages communities intending to reach the Certified level to wait for assistance from the Redevelopment Services Team prior to completing this best practice.

Property Information Packages

Property Information Package: Bessemer
Bessemer has developed a full property information package for its top priority site along US-2. The city is seeking to attract sernior housing or a grocery store - two priorities identified in their master plan. The packet includes all the needed infromation on the site and city including potential incentives and tools. The package is also visually appealing and aligns with the city's brand.
Population: 1,921 | Region 1 | RRC Certified

Property Information Package: Hudsonville
Hudsonville provides a webpage decidcated just for priority redvelopment sites. The packages are very well formatted, easy to read and provides all the required information.
Population: 7,335 | Region 4 | RRC Certified

Property Information Package: Mount Pleasant
The city of Mount Pleasant's Economic Development Commission (EDC) has prepared an RFP for a prime site anchoring downtown. A full package of information is on its website including basic information, studies, proposal guidelines, and maps. The city also created smaller information packets for six other sites in early 2018.
Population: 26,134 | Region 5

Property Information Package: Novi
This Property Information Package (PIP) for Adell Towers helps concisely describe the property, the possibilities that can be achieved within the zoning district, demographics and more.
Population: 57,577 | Region 10

Property Information Package: Oak Park
The city of Oak Park has completed a full property information packet to attract a brewery to one of the city's priority redevelopment sites. This effort closely matched with the city's goals in the master plan and economic development strategy as well. In addition to this packet the city advertizes properties on OppSites and has available sites on the city website.
Population: 29,751 | Region 10 | RRC-Certified

Property Information Package: Saginaw
Saginaw's Property Information Package for 505 Millard St. features essentail information about the city and the site. It includes a vision for development, potential incentives, and great photos on the inside of the property.
Population: 49,366 | Region 5 | RRC Certified

Other Resources

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Sometimes helpful resources don't fit nicely into a particular best practice. As the RRC team identifies such resources, you'll find them listed in this section.

Resolution to Proceed

Following your community's Report of Findings presentation your governing body will need pass a resolution of intent to proceed. Below are some examples. Communities are expected to customized the resolution to fit their particular recommendations and situation. You are encouraged to share a draft with your RRC planner prior to adoption.

City of Adrian
City of Ann Arbor
City of Kalamazoo
City of Laingsburg
Village of Middleville
City of Traverse City

Other

Consolidation Plan (2014): Saline
The Saline Consolidation Plan oulines ways the city can partner with neighboring jurisdictions to coordinate services, such as: parking areas for police officers, road maintenance, staff positions, various inspections and technology equipment. The plan includes projected and realized savings and barriers experienced when implementing each proposal.
Population: 9,020 | Region 9

Land Disposition of City-Owned Real Property (Policy): Laingsburg
The City of Laingsburg has developed a detailed policy governing the options available to the city when disposing of real property. The policy covers assessing value, RFQs, RFPs, public engagement, negotiation, purchase options and leasing. The city owns a number of parcels in the downtown area which are governed by this policy, including all three top priority sites.
Population: 1,216 | Region 6

Fiscally Ready Communities (FRC) Program

Redevelopment Ready Communities has partnered with the Michigan Department of Treasury and MSU Extension to create the Fiscally Ready Communities program. This program was created to provide training and assistance to Michigan communities who are dedicated to ensuring their fiscal health through strong financial policies and protections. As a result of this training, officials and employees will be better equipped for long-term fiscal health and develop relationships with the Department of Treasury and MSU Extension.

Check out the Fiscally Ready Communities best practices guide.

To browse upcoming trainings, click here.

Guides
  • Capital Improvements Plan Guide
  • Economic Development Strategy Guide
  • Developer Request for Qualifications (RFQ) Guide
  • Enabling Better Places - User' Guide to Zoning Reform
  • Guide to Development Guide
  • Master Plan Update Guide
  • Marketing and Branding Strategy Guide
  • Public Participation Strategy Guide
  • Redevelopment Ready Sites Guide
  • Waterfront Best Practices
  • Waterfront Best Practices Toolkit
  • Website Guide
Templates
  • Developer Request for Qualifications (RFQ) Template (.docx)
  • Planning Commission Annual Report Template (.docx)
  • Planning Commission Annual Report Presentation Template (.pptx)
  • Property Information Package Template (.pdf)
  • Training Tracker Template (.xlsx)
RRC Webinar Series

The RRC Webinar Series is an online learning opportunity available to any RRC community. These sessions focus on helping communities understand a particular RRC Best Practice and connects them with information/resources/examples of how to complete it. Webinars happen monthly. To see upcoming webinars, click here.

April 2019 - Public Engagement Strategies & Plans: Slide Deck 
May 2019 - Technology in Local Government: Slide Deck
June 2019 - Training Strategies & Plans: Slide Deck
July 2019 - Creating a Guide to Development: Slide Deck
August 2019 - RRC, DDAs and Main Street Collaboration: Slide Deck

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